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Progesterone is a key sex hormone present in the body that regulates important fertility functions. Safe to say, without the right amount of progesterone, pregnancy is impossible. And even if someone gets pregnant, the body will be unable to nurture the baby. It also plays an important role in establishing the placenta. Progesterone increases the blood flow to the womb helping in the growth of the existing blood vessels. Also, it stimulates the production of the nutrients from the lining of the womb to sustain the newly developed embryo. It helps in the establishment of the placenta. Without progesterone, the endometrium will be unable to grow and thicken to form the deciduas (attaches the embryo and placenta).
If a woman has a high level of progesterone, she can experience anxiety, weight gain, insomnia, hair loss, headache, fatigue, sore breasts, and trouble in concentration. Even if you have just the right amount of progesterone, you might experience cramps, foggy memory, vaginal dryness, swollen breasts, etc. Either way, the importance of the progesterone infertility cannot be ignored.
Some of its other benefits include:
• Maintaining the uterus lining to help the fertilized egg
Prepared by the corpus leutum, progesterone prepares the uterus’ tissue lining and allow the fertilized to implant itself in the uterus. It also helps in maintain the endometrium during pregnancy.
• Producing the right amount of cervical mucus
Cervical fluids undergo several changes during the menstrual cycle. It supports conception by providing a healthy medium for the sperm to survive and propel. The natural acidic environment can be dangerous for the sperm. Cervical mucus helps the sperm move through the cervix inside the uterus.
• Preventing the developing fetus from getting an immune rejection
When a woman gets pregnant, the inflammatory immune responses can lead to fetal rejection. Progesterone modulates this immunological shift and protects the fetus.
• Increasing the libido during ovulation
Women are at the peak of sexual desire during ovulation due to hormonal fluctuations. Progesterone is believed to increase the libido during ovulation.
• Increase new bone formation by activating osteoblasts
Progesterone has the ability to form bones by binding to the receptors present on the osteoblasts. This is the reason why in premenopausal women, there is a decrease in spinal bone density.
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection is a variation of IVF for male infertility.
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