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Prolactin is a hormone produced in your pituitary gland, which is located underneath your brain. With the help of the prolactin test (PRL), your specialist is able to measure the amounts of the hormone present in your blood stream. In pregnant women, and women who have recently given birth, this hormone is higher in number in order to make breast milk. However, you can have high prolactin levels despite not being pregnant. And, it is possible, even if you are a man.
In women;
• Irregular or no menstrual cycle
• Infertility
• Discharge of breast milk when not pregnant or breastfeeding
• Tender breasts
• Menopausal symptoms, such as hot flashes and dry vagina
• Headaches
• Problems with vision
In Men;
• Low sex drive
• Difficulty in procuring an erection
• Tenderness in male breasts or enlargement
• In very rare cases, production of breast milk
• Headaches
• Problems with vision
Men – 2 to 18 ng/ml
Nonpregnant women – 2 to 29 ng/ml
Pregnant women – 10 – 209 ng/ml
What happens if your prolactin levels are higher than 40?
If you are not pregnant and the prolactin levels are over 40, it means that your prolactin levels are high. However, don’t immediately assume that you have a problem. Sometimes, these levels increase if you have eaten or under extreme stress, during your test. Also, the normal levels sometimes differ from one laboratory to another. But, if the levels are extremely high, almost up to 1000 times of what is considered normal, then you might have a prolactinoma. It is not cancer and is curable with proper medication. If your doctor suspects that it is prolactinoma, then he may ask you to go for an MRI scan.
Not all high prolactin level cases need treatment.
So, after a thorough diagnosis, your specialist will decide your course of treatment. If the prolactinoma is too small or the cause remains unidentified, your doctor may opt for no treatment. In certain situations, your doctor may prescribe medicines to lower the prolactin levels. In case you are suffering from a prolactinoma, your specialist will try to reduce its size and decrease the levels of prolactin.
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection is a variation of IVF for male infertility.
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